Brambling

Brambling (Fringilla montifringilla) is a small finch with orange breast and shoulders, white belly and rump and dark patterned wings; breeding males develop a black head and back. Body shape, bill structure, plumage pattern and voice provide the strongest field characters. Age, sex and season may alter its appearance, so identification should combine several features and careful direct field comparisons with similar species in the same habitat (Wikipedia, general species account).

It breeds in northern Eurasian forest, migrates widely south and sometimes forms enormous winter flocks where beech mast or other seeds are abundant, also taking insects during breeding. Its movements and social behaviour vary through the year, with breeding birds generally more dispersed and non-breeding birds gathering where food is concentrated. Japanese records place it within the country's documented avifauna as a resident, migrant or visitor (Wikipedia, general species account; Wildlife of Japan occurrence records).